Although we continue to explain the function of many individual genes within a molecular or functional context, we still know relatively little about how natural variation in complex phenotypes, such as biomass,is determined. QTL studies provide insights into the genetic architecture of complex trait control, revealing that most traits are controlled by a large number of loci and that, in most cases we can only detect loci that together typically explain less than half of the observed variation.
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| Stages of leaf development in aspen. We are performing detailed characterisation of developmental profiles in aspen to support our association mapping project and to further understanding of genes functioning during leaf development. |
Representative leaf shapes from the Swedish Aspen collection, a collection of natural aspen genotypes from across Sweden that is grown in a common garden experiment near Umeå.We are interested in identifying the genomic loci involved in controlling natural variation in traits, particularly at the level of gene expression. To do this, we take an approach termed systems genetics where the variation in expression levels, phenotype and genotype within natural populations is utilised in a combinatorial manner to identify polymorphisms underlying key control points, or hubs, within expression networks. Gene expression control is highly complex and involves interacting factors such as genome structure, transcription factor binding, epigenetics and short RNAs. As a result we are interested in integrating all levels of information possible.Recently next-generation high throughput sequencing has had a profound influence on the nature and scale of data that can be obtained and much of our current effort involves gen-erating, analysing and disseminating 'NGS' data. Our current research focuses on using natural variation in Swedish aspen (Populus tremula) as a model system to explore the control of trait variation. Leaf shape is a particularly suitable trait for study within this species as it is highly heritable and exhibits large- scale variation with little variation in contrasting environments. We are also interested in using cross-species comparison and exploration of regulatory conservation as a means of identifying novel genes involved in trait control.
A more recently developed area of interest involves exploring the extended phenotype of spruce and aspen and how host tree genotype influences the community of fungi and bacteria present living inside host plant cells. We are applying and developing new metatranscriptomics methods alongside traditional metagenomics to explore the dynamics of the fungal community associated with different individuals of aspen and under contrasting forestry management and environmental conditions in spruce.
To support genome-wide association mapping and expression QTL mapping we have produced de novo assemblies of the aspen and spruce genomes, including de novo transcriptome assembly and genome annotation. Associated with this work we develop and maintain the PopGenIE (http://popgenie.org) and ConGenIE (http://ConGenIE.org) (Populus/Conifer Genome Ingerative Explorer) web resources, which include tools for exploring and analysing functional genomics data in both model systems.
Key Publications
- Nystedt B, Street NR, Wetterbom A, et al. (2013). The Norway spruce genome sequence gives insights into conifer genome evolution.Nature 497:579-584
- Street NR, Jansson S, Hvidsten TR. (2011) A systems biology model of the regulatory network in Populus leaves reveals interacting re- gulators and conserved regulation. BMC Plant Biology 11:13
- Klevebring D and Street NR*, Fahlgren N, Carrington JC, Lundeberg J, Jansson S. (2009) Genome-wide profiling of Populus small RNAs. BMC Genomics 10:620
- Sjodin A and Street NR*, Sandberg G, Gustafasson P, Jansson S. (2009) PopGenIE: A new resource for exploring the Populus ge- nome. New Phytologist 182:1013-1025
- Street NR* and Sjodin A, Bylesjo M, Gustafsson P, Trygg J, Jansson S. (2008) A cross-species transcriptomics approach to identify genes involved in leaf development. BMC Genomics 9:589