Seminar - John O'Neill, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge
Date:
Tuesday, August 25, 2015 10:00 - 11:00
Duration:
1 Hour
Categories:
UPSC Seminar
Speaker:
John O'Neill
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge University, UK
Title: Metabolic Oscillations in Yeast and Circatidal Cycles in Eurydice pulchra share - Features Conserved among Circadian Rhythms
Host. Maria Eriksson
Place: Lilla hörsalen, KB3A9, KBC
Abstract:
Circadian rhythms allow organisms to temporally orchestrate their internal state to anticipate and/or resonate with the external environment. Although 24-hr periodicity is observed across aerobic eukaryotes, the central mechanism has been hard to dissect because few simple models exist, and known clock proteins are not conserved across phylogenetic kingdoms. In contrast, contributions to timekeeping made by a handful of post-translational mechanisms, such as phosphorylation of clock proteins by casein kinase 1, appear conserved among phyla. These kinases have many other essential cellular functions and are better conserved in their contribution to timekeeping than any of the clock proteins they phosphorylate. Temperature compensation and metabolic rhythms are other universal features of circadian timekeeping. Here, we use comparative chronobiology to distinguish fundamental clock mechanisms from species-specific adaptations and thereby identify features shared between the mammalian cellular clock, ultradian respiratory oscillations in budding yeast and circatidal rhythms in the crustacean Eurydice pulchra. Our data point to common mechanisms underlying all three biological rhythms and suggest two interpretations: either certain biochemical systems are simply permissive for cellular oscillations (with frequencies from hours to days) or this commonality arose via divergence from an ancestral cellular clock.
Speaker:
John O'Neill
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge University, UK
Title: Metabolic Oscillations in Yeast and Circatidal Cycles in Eurydice pulchra share - Features Conserved among Circadian Rhythms
Host. Maria Eriksson
Place: Lilla hörsalen, KB3A9, KBC
Abstract:
Circadian rhythms allow organisms to temporally orchestrate their internal state to anticipate and/or resonate with the external environment. Although 24-hr periodicity is observed across aerobic eukaryotes, the central mechanism has been hard to dissect because few simple models exist, and known clock proteins are not conserved across phylogenetic kingdoms. In contrast, contributions to timekeeping made by a handful of post-translational mechanisms, such as phosphorylation of clock proteins by casein kinase 1, appear conserved among phyla. These kinases have many other essential cellular functions and are better conserved in their contribution to timekeeping than any of the clock proteins they phosphorylate. Temperature compensation and metabolic rhythms are other universal features of circadian timekeeping. Here, we use comparative chronobiology to distinguish fundamental clock mechanisms from species-specific adaptations and thereby identify features shared between the mammalian cellular clock, ultradian respiratory oscillations in budding yeast and circatidal rhythms in the crustacean Eurydice pulchra. Our data point to common mechanisms underlying all three biological rhythms and suggest two interpretations: either certain biochemical systems are simply permissive for cellular oscillations (with frequencies from hours to days) or this commonality arose via divergence from an ancestral cellular clock.